Tripura

All over India the Gomukh is an auspicious emblem. Ancient drinking fountains and clear springs are often directed to flow through spouts fashioned in the form of a cow's head. Tripura is the gomukh of the north-east. It thrusts out into Bangladesh with only its neck attached to Mizoram and Assam.
 

Tripura is one of the seven states in the north eastern part of India located between 22056' and 24032' North and between 90009' and 92020' East latitude. It is bounded on the north, west, south and south-east by Bangladesh whereas in the east it has a common boundary with Assam and Mizoram.
 

There is a common belief that the name of the State has originated from "Tripura Sundari" - the presiding deity of the land which is famous as one of the 51 pithos of Hindu Pilgrims. Apart from this traditional view it is believed that originally the land was known as "Tuipra" meaning a land adjoining the water. It is fact that in days of yore the boundaries of Tripura was extended up to the Bay of Bengal when its rulers held sway from Garo hills to Arakan.
 

The history of Tripura as a administrative unit dates back to the days of Maharajas when the territory was a native State. It is significant to note that all though Tripura was conquered by force of arms in 1761, no Political agents was appointed in the State till 1871 - a gap of 110 years.
 

The former princely state of Tripura was ruled by Maharajas of Manikya dynasty. It was an independent administrative unit under the Maharaja even during the British rule in India though this independence was qualified, being subject to the recognition of the British, as the paramount power, of each successive ruler. After independence of India, an agreement of merger of Tripura with the Indian Union was signed by the Regent Maharani on September 9, 1947 and the administration of the state was actually taken over by the Govt. of India on October 15, 1949. Tripura became a Union Territory without legislature with effect from November 1, 1956 and a popular ministry was installed in Tripura on July 1, 1963. On January 21, 1972 Tripura attained statehood.
 

Tripura is a hilly and landlocked state endowed with vast green forests and established gas reserves. The state has a total area of 10492 sq. km. and attained statehood on January 21, 1972. The state has a long border with Bangladesh of 856 km. After Kerala, Tripura is the largest producer of natural rubber and the rubber produced is of superior quality. The state also has the distinction of being the highest producer of True Potato Seeds in the country.

 

 

POPULATION:

 

District-wise Area, Population, Density, Sex ratio and Literacy rate of Tripura according to census 2011:

District/ State

Area in Sq. Km.

Population

Density in Sq. Km.

Sex Ratio

Literacy

West Tripura

942.55

918200

974

970

91.07

Shepahijala

1044.78

483687

463

952

84.68

Khowai

1005.67

327564

326

957

87.78

Gomati

1522.8

441538

290

959

84.53

South Tripura

1534.2

430751

281

956

84.68

Dhalai

2400

378230

158

944

85.72

Unokati

591.93

276506

467

972

86.91

North Tripura

1444.5

417441

289

963

87.90

Tripura

10486.43

3673917

350

960

87.22

Source: Economic Review of Tripura 2018-19

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ECONOMY:

 

Gross State Domestic Product:

(Rupee in Crores)                                                                                                       (As on 31-07-2020)

Year

Current Price

Constant (2011-12) Prices

2011-2012

19208

19208

2012-2013

21663

20873

2013-2014

25593

22819

2014-2015

29533

26965

2015-2016

35938

26787

2016-2017

39479

30538

2017-2018

43716

33619

2018-2019

49845

36963

2019-2020

55358

40527

 

Source: Central Statistical Organisation

 

Net State Domestic Product:

(Rupee in Crores)                                                                                                       (As on 31-07-2020)

Year

Current Price

Constant (2011-12) Prices

2011-2012

17419

17419

2012-2013

19631

18857

2013-2014

23329

20623

2014-2015

26643

24407

2015-2016

32476

23745

2016-2017

35668

27204

2017-2018

39505

30032

2018-2019

44835

32830

2019-2020

49601

35821

 

Source: Central Statistical Organisation

 

Per Capita Net State Domestic Product:

(Rupees)                                                                                                                     (As on 31-07-2020)

Year

Current Price

Constant (2011-12) Prices

2011-2012

47155

47155

2012-2013

52574

50501

2013-2014

61815

54645

2014-2015

69857

63992

2015-2016

84267

61612

2016-2017

91596

69860

2017-2018

100444

76358

2018-2019

112849

82632

2019-2020

123630

89285

 

Source: Central Statistical Organisation

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CLIMATE:

 

Rainfall statistics in the year 2017 and 2019:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2017

2019

1.

Normal annual rainfall (mm)

in mm

2241.82213.4

2.

Average actual annual rainfall (mm)

in mm

3180.32111.7

3.

Highest annual rainfall (mm) (Kamalpur)

in mm

3872.34417.4

4.

Normal rainy days

No.

99.299.2

5.

Actual rainy days

No.

114.888.3

6.

Lowest annual rainfall (mm) (Jirania)

mm

2346.5854.5

Source: Tripura at a glance 2018 and 2020

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AGRICULTURE:

 

Production of Foodgrains, 2016-17 to 2018-19:

Crops2016-20172017-20182018-2019
Cereals & Millets836.43836.02817.44
Pulses23.1619.3318.91
Total859.59855.35836.35

Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India

 

Production of Cereals & Millets, 2016-17 to 2018-19:

Crops2016-20172017-20182018-2019
Rice814.64812.06793.18
Jowar0.550.700.77
Maize20.5022.4822.69
Wheat0.460.400.33
Small Millets0.280.390.47
Total836.43836.02817.44

Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India

 

Production of Pulses, 2016-17 to 2018-19:

Crops2016-20172017-20182018-2019
Gram0.200.190.17
Tur or Arhar3.774.134.28
Urad8.913.453.10
Moong1.972.802.56
Lentil/ Masur2.542.071.88
Other Pulses5.786.706.89
Total23.1619.3318.91

Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India

 

Production of Oilseeds, 2016-17 to 2018-19:

Crops2016-20172017-20182018-2019
Ground Nut2.682.763.10
Sesamum3.284.154.33
Rapeseed & Mustard6.196.476.42
Lineseed0.110.080.04
Soyabean0.260.360.08
Total12.5113.8213.97

Source: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India

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FISHERIES:

 

Number of Fish Production, Fish seed Production etc. in 2019-2020:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2019-2020 (P)

1.

Culturable area

Ha

28953.31

2.

Capture water area

Ha

7878.76

3.

Water area for pisciculture

Ha

28085.41

4.

Production of fish

MT

77630.00

5.

Seed production

a)

Fish seed (Fingerling)

Lakhs

4603.0845

b)

Prawn seed (Juveniles) (Govt. Farms)

Lakhs

3.78

6.

Fish Farmer’s Development Agencies (FFDAs)

Nos.

4

7.

Fish feed plants

Nos.

14

8.

Fisherman Co-operative Societies

Nos.

201

9.

Selp-Help Groups

Nos.

843

10.

Soil and water testing laboratories

Nos.

27

11.

Fish feed analysis lab

Nos.

3

12.

Fish Health Investigation/Disease/Diagnostic Centre

Nos.

1

13.

Pabda Hatchery

Nos.

4

P: Provisional

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

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FORESTRY:

 

Particulars of Forestry and Rubber, 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2019-2020

1.

Total Forest area

Sq. Km.

6294.287

2.

Unclassified Government forest

Sq. Km.

2116.874

3.

Reserve forest

Sq. Km.

3588.183

4.

Proposed reserved forest

Sq. Km.

587.633

5.

Protected forest

Sq. Km.

1.597

6.

Development expenditure on forestry

Rs in Crore

33.7289

7.

Revenue earned

Rs in Crore

13.3795

8.

Wildlife sanctuary

Nos.

4

9.

National Park

Nos.

2

10.

Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs)

Nos

1052

11.

Membership of JFMCs

Nos.

93512

12.

Project area of JFMCs

Ha

226525.07

13.

Afforestation area in JFMC

Ha

99619.47

14.

Patta pass book issued under SOTFD (NDC)

Nos.

127931

SOTFD: Scheduled Tribes & Other Traditional Forest Duelers

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

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LIVESTOCK & POULTRY:

 

Particulars of Livestock and Poultry, 2017-18 and 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2017-2018

2019-2020

1.

Veterinary hospitals

Nos.

1616

2.

Veterinary dispensaries

Nos.

6060

3.

Stock-man sub-centre

Nos.

458458

4.

Artificial Insemination centres

Nos.

1111

5.

Government veterinary farms

Nos.

2121

6.

Disease Investigation laboratory

Nos.

44

7.

Feed analytical laboratory

Nos.

11

8.

Training Institute

Nos.

11

9.

Feed mixing plant

Nos.

44

10.

Production of egg

No. (Crore)

26.2129.50

11.

Production of milk

MT

174.26197.27

12.

Production of meat

MT

45.2650.84

13.

Production of day old chicks (Govt. farm)

Nos.

2,78,341161941

14.

Production of day old ducklings (Govt. farm)

Nos.

17,08625532

15.

Production of piglet (Govt. farm)

Nos.

4,7203829

16.

Production of rabbit Kid (Govt. farm)

Nos.

415402

17.

Artificially inseminated animal done

Nos.

1,53,032144124

18.

Calf born

Nos.

65,01449716

19.

Veterinary medicine-store

Nos.

44

20.

Per capita availability of milk/head/daily

Gram

123.00136

21.

Per capita availability of egg/head/year

Nos.

67.4074

22.

Per capita availability of meat/head/year

Kg

11.6412.83

23.

Production of egg (Govt. farm)

Nos.

8,29,078531129

24.

Production of goat kid (Govt. farm)

Nos.

120225

Source: Tripura at a glance 2018 and 2020

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SERICULTURE:

 

Particulars of Sericulture in the year of 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

1.

Production of raw silk

MT

7.27.22.6

2.

Production of mulberry cocoon

MT

59.262.530

3.

Area under mulberry cultivation

Acre

7381.546185100

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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INDUSTRY:

 

Industries & Commerce, 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

1.

Industrial Estates

In Nos.

555

2.

Industrial area

In Nos.

111

3.

Value of export

Rs in Crore

4.60NA30.34

4.

Value of import

Rs in crore

300.23NA644.78

5.

Industrial growth center

In Nos.

222

6.

Public Sector Industrial Undertakings

In Nos.

444

7.

Factories

a)

Registered factories u/s 2m (i)

In Nos.

651684848

b)

Registered Factories u/s 2m (ii)

In Nos.

919309

c)

Registered Factories u/s 85

In Nos.

96099009

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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HANDLOOM AND HANDICRAFT:

 

No. of Production, Employment of Handloom and Handicraft, 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

A

Handicrafts

1.

Production

Rs in crore

32.0027.001.04

2.

Artisans

In Nos.

1,82,0001,80,700181000

B

Handloom

1.

Textiles produced

Million Sq. Mtr

3.263.4233.68

2.

Weavers

In Nos.

1,37,1771,37,177137445

3.

Value

Rs in Crore

16.3217.1318.879

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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INFORMATION & TOURISM:

 

Information and Tourism particulars in the year of 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

Tourist visited

1.

Indian

In Nos.

3805784,03,394431142

2.

Foreigner

In Nos.

3922980,094154993

3.

Total

In Nos.

419807483488586135

 

Newspapers

1.

Daily

In Nos.

232322

2.

Weekly

In Nos.

424238

3.

Fortnightly

In Nos.

111

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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BANKING:

 

Number of Bank Brunches, Credit, Deposit and Credit Deposit Ratio during the year 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2019-2020

1.

Branches of Nationalised Banks (Except SBI)

In Nos.

169

2.

Branches of SBI

In Nos.

68

3.

Branches of Tripura Co-operative Bank

In Nos.

73

4.

Branches of Tripura Gramin Bank

In Nos.

148

5.

Bank branches in Private Sector

In Nos.

84

6.

Total deposit

Rs in crore

28598.97

7.

Total credit

Rs in crore

16220.07

8.

Credit – Deposit ratio

In %age

57%

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

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CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY:

 

Number of Co-operative Societies, Members, Working capital etc. in 2016-17 and 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

1.

Co-operative Societies

In Nos.

17951,7932599

2.

Members  (lakh)

In Nos.

8.348.368.40

3.

Working capital

Rs in crore

997.85522.513981.75

4.

Societies per lakh population

In Nos.

47.2748.8065.48

5.

Women co-operative societies

In Nos.

142142160

6.

Share capital

Rs. in crore

0.78159.40200.92

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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ROADWAYS:

 

Roadways statistics, 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2019-20

1.

National highway

In Km

853

2.

Major district road

In Km

 

3.

Other district road

In Km

461

4.

Village road (RD & ADC) (P)

In Km

8159

5.

IBP road (BRO) (P)

In Km

834

6.

Railway road (km)

In Km

263

7.

Village road (PWD)

In Km

11734

8.

State highway

In Km

1057

9.

Black topped road

In Km

13273

10.

Brick soled road

In Km

6724

11.

Earthen road

In Km

3101

12.

RCC Bridges

In Nos.

242

13.

RCC slab culverts

In Nos.

3036

14.

Box culverts

In Nos.

2409

15.

Bailey bridges

In Nos.

387

16

SPT bridges

In Nos.

14

P: Provisional

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

 

No. of Vehicles, 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

2019-2020

1.

Moped1872

2.

Motor Cycle397019

3.

LMV (NT)64588

4.

LMV (T)10080

5.

Three Wheeler (Private)35295
6.Bus3162
7E-Rickshaw3104
8E-Cart01
9Three Wheeler (Govt)4681
10Goods carrier32750
11Ambulance422
12Construction Equipment Vehicle1781
13Hearses74
14Others1244
 Total556073

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

 

Tripura Road Transport Corporation, 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

1.

Fleets

In Nos.

545658
a)Bus

In Nos.

474951
b)TruckIn Nos.777

2.

Routes operated

In Nos.

7109

3.

Average number of daily passenger carried

In Nos.

650456450

4.

Quantity of goods carriedMT1015571125
5Passenger traveled by Tripura helicopter serviceIn Nos.861681601
6EmployeesIn Nos.315298222

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

 

Tripura Urban Transport Company Ltd, 2016-17 to 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2016-2017

2017-20182019-2020

1.

Fleets

In Nos.

17317384

2.

Routes operated

In Nos.

193015

3.

Average number of daily passenger carried

In Nos.

26,00035,00012000

Source: Tripura at a glance 2017, 2018 and 2020

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POWER & ENERGY:

 

Power and Energy Particulars in Tripura, 2017-18 and 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

Unit

2017-2018

2019-2020

1.

Power generated

MU

629.787705.12

2.

Power purchased

MU

2,419.3542459.42

3.

Transmission line (132 kv & 66 kv)

ckt KM

980980

4.

Consumers

Nos.

7,86,237881471

5.

Villages electrified

Nos.

1,1761178

6.

Amount of revenue earned

Rs in crore

468.35562.49

7.

Distribution of Line

ckt KM

45,84450804

8.

Proportion of electrified habitations

In %

97.20%100%

9.

Villages Un-electrified

 

2Nil

10.

Sub-stations transmission & Distribution

Nos

14,64116391
11.Rid conducted against theft of powerNos.2,1052181
12.Hook line disconnectedNos.7,0056836
13.Penalty realizedRs. in lakh71.8862.00
14.FIR lodged against theft of powerNos.11992

Source: Tripura at a glance 2018 and 2020

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COMMUNICATION:

 

Number of Telephone Exchange, Connections and Post offices, 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

2019-2020

1.

BSNL Telephone exchanges

79

2.

BSNL Telephone connections (only landline)

17944
3Broadband connections of BSNL7650
4Cellular service of BSNLPrepaid407306
Postpaid20031
5Cellular Towers of BSNL854

6

Internet connections BSNL

Broadband on Copper7650
Broadband on FTTH2897
Broadband on GSM300
Internet Leased Line107
7Leased Circuits729

8

Post offices

711

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

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EDUCATION:

 

Number of Schools, Colleges, Universities etc. 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

2019-2020

School Education

 

1.

Total Schools

4940

2.

J. B. Schools

2562

3.

S. B. Schools

1241

4.

High schools

672

5.

H.S.(+2) schools

465

Higher Education

 

1.

Universities

3

2.

General Govt. Colleges

24

3.

Engineering Colleges

2

4.

Medical Colleges

2

5.

Agriculture College

1

6.

National Institute of Technology (NIT)

1

7.

No of B.Ed College6

8.

Polytechnic

6

9.

No. of Pharmacy College

2

10.

Fishery College

1

11.

No. of Paramedical College

1

12.

No. of Veterinary College1

13.

No. of Professional Colleges (Art & Craft, Music, Law, Nursing E.P. Ed. (Govt. and Private)15

14.

Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT)1

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020

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HEALTH:

 

Health and Hygiene, 2019-20:

Sl. No.

Particulars

2019-2020

1Hospitala. Allopathic Hospitals (Including TMC & BRAM Hospital)25
b. Homeopathic Hospital1
c. Ayurvedic Hospital1

2.

Primary Health Centres / Rural Hospital

a. Primary Health Centre (Bed)83
b. Primary Health Centre (Non-bed)26
c. Total Primary Health Centre (Including 07 UPHC)116
d. Community Health Centre/ RH22
3Sub-Centrea. Sub-Centre (Allopathic)1005
b. Sub-Centre (Homepathic)73
c. Sub-Centre (Ayurvedic)39
d. Satellite Dispensary (Allopathic)6

4

Allopathic doctors

990
 a. Allopathic doctors under NHM6
5Homeopathic doctors20
 a. Homeopathic Doctors under NHM86
 b. Homeopathic Doctors (under Ayush Mission)6
6Ayurvedic Doctors42
 a. Ayurvedic Doctors under NHM44
 b. Ayurvedic Doctors under Ayush Mission6
7Dental Surgeon53
 a. Dental Surgeon under NHM51

8

Nurses

2236
9Mid Wives1
10Pharmacist - Allopathic279
11Pharmacist - Homeo61
 a. Pharmacist - Homeo under NHM18
 b. Pharmacist - Homeo under Ayush Mission3
12Pharmacist - Ayur48
 a. Pharmacist - Ayur under NHM4
13Pharmacist (Ayush) under Ayush Mission2

14

Hospital beds (Including TMC & BRAM Hospitals)

5030
15

Blood banks

13
16Blood Storage Centre7

 

Family Welfare

 

1.

Family welfare clinic/ centre (MCH clinic)

156

2.

Total Sterilisation conducted

2953

3.

Intra Uterine Device (IUD) Insertions done

351

4.

Condom pieces distributed

265885

5.

Combined Oral Pill (OP) distributed

118515
6.MTPs (Public) conducted2174
7Current use of any family planning method (%), (NFHS - 4)64.1%
8Institutional Birth79.9%
9PHCs (included 07 UPHC)116
10CHCs22
11Sub-divisional Hospitals12
12District Hospital6

Source: Tripura at a glance 2020